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Theoretical bases > Ceramic fibre materials > Product types
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Product types
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- The basic product for all forms of delivery is raw fibre (loose wool). A subsequent and continuous process after production is applied to produce mats in different thicknesses and bulk densities without binder. (Promat product group ceramic fibres ALSIFLEX®).
By folding and stacking the mats, mostly prestressed modules, ready for installation, are produced. Their thickness and density is designed to ensure an efficient lining with regard to energy utilisation. Standard installation densities are in the range of 150 - 240 kg/m³ (Promat system solutions ALSIBLOCK®, ALSIPACK®, ALSIFORM®, ALSITHERM®, PROMAWALL® en PROMACOM®).
Ceramic fibre papers are produced in a wet process by adding organic and chemical binder additives. The wet process enables elutriation of a large share of particles that were not fiberized. This improves insulation properties and simplifies handling of the material.
Boards and shaped parts are made by a low pressure process with added chemical or chemical/organic binders. Specific gravity and binder additives can be varied as desired in order to create very hard or even slightly elastic end products. Products with densities between 140 - 300 kg/m³ are offered. (Promat product range PROMAFORM®, PROMAFELT®).
By mixing fibres with varying classification temperatures and light additives it is possible to achieve intermediate levels of the classification temperature. (Promat product PROMABLOK® insulating board).
Prefired shaped parts are distinguished by low shrinkage. Products with high reduction resistance are made from high-alumina fibres (96 % Al203) and an alumina bond. Wet felts are supplied prepacked in plastic foils. They are used in particular to line areas with a complicated geometry. These felts harden upon drying.
The protective coatings consist, depending on the application ,of oxidic filler substances, colloidal binders, lubricants and additives with active radiation.
(Promat product group paints, hardening agents and coatings).
In addition to improving the surface hardness, these protective coatings influence the radiation properties of furnace walls and reduce chemical attack on the fibre material. If protective coatings are applied, energy efficiency and service life of fibre linings can be improved. If dealing with low-melting non-ferrous metals, nonwettability of the surface is ensured by the metal.
Pasty fibre masses and foams are currently on offer for the lining of complicated geometries for applications up to 1800 °C. These can be applied in hollow spaces or used to eliminate joints caused by shrinkage. After drying, these materials have properties similar to those of boards and shaped parts.
The addition of organic carriers, glass fibres or metal fibres to the ceramic fibres enables the production of textiles and sealing cords. (Promat product group cord programme, PROMAGLAF®, ALSIFLEX® and PROMALAN® and PROMAFLEX).
Today ceramic fibre materials can be conglutinated up to their service limit in combination ith other ceramic fibre material types or with refractory brickwork and to expanded metal with special bonding agents. (Promat products ALSIFLEX® bonding agent.
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